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| Why would anyone ignore him? |
2017 marks the bicentennial of the beginning of
construction of the Erie Canal. It was the canal that turned New York into the
Empire State. Of course, we are talking about a government project in New York so it took a long time to arrive at the first shovel of
dirt.
In fact, Robert Livingston, First Lord of Livingston Manor had traveled
into what was then Indian territory in what would be western New York in the early 1700's. He
reported to several successive royal governors that improvements to the natural
waterways of the colony would allow access to the abundant resources of the
western lands. He was ignored.
The first commission on the Erie Canal was formed in
March of 1810. It was carefully assembled to include federalist and
democratic-republicans. The committee included Gouverneur Morris, Stephan Van
Rensselaer, William North, Thomas Eddy,
DeWitt Clinton, Simeon DeWitt and Peter
Buell Porter. Gouverneur Morris was the titular head of the committee but it
was widely known that DeWitt Clinton was the driving force behind what would
become known as “Clinton’s Ditch.”
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| DeWitt Clinton, George Clinton's nephew |
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| Not this George Clinton |
The major accomplishment of the committee was to
convince the New York State Legislature that the canal was in face a feasible
project. In June of 1810 the entire committee, except for Morris, traveled by
water as far as they could on the Mohawk River then, joined by Morris, traveled
to Lake Erie by carriage. They then produced a report that spurred the
Legislature to act, no small feat.
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| Robert Livingston, shipping magnate |
On April 8, 1811, the legislature approved $15,000 for
the commission to begin their work. They also added two new members to the
commission, Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton. Livingston and Fulton.
Livingston and Fulton had a monopoly for steamboat travel on the Hudson River
and were in the process of building a steamboat to ply the Mississippi River
which would give them a monopoly on that river as well. Having them on board
would provide an even greater economic incentive for farmers and merchants from the west to
use the canal. Once the merchandise got to Albany it could be loaded onto steam boats and arrive in New York City a little over a day later.
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| Robert Fulton. A face that just screams "Trust me with your major engineering challenges |
Fulton and Livingston quickly found important roles on
the commission. Fulton was to help find designers who could build the canal
while Livingston would work with DeWitt Clinton on the herculean task of trying to find national sources
of funding for the project. In October, 1811 they sent a letter to the
governments of all American states and territories pointing out that the canal
would benefit the entire country and that they should either pay New York to
help build it or pressure the federal government to give New York funds to
offset the cost of construction.
It didn’t go well.
The states that bothered to respond at all sent
resounding no’s.
Shortly thereafter the small dust up known as The War of 1812 put the canal on
hold.
The commission retained its power and in 1812 was legally allowed
to create a fund to pay for the canal. (This was repealed in 1814). Although several of the commission members held or ran for other positions during the war and very little work got done.
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| A kerfuffle, if you will. |
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| Abraham Van Vechten |
Livingston had one more role to play in the
commission’s history, which he did by dying in February of 1813. Opponents of
the canal in the New York legislature took the Chancellor’s death as an
opportunity to challenge the authority of the entire commission, claiming that
it ended when one member died and the committee would have to be reformed.
Eventually Attorney General of New York, Abraham Van Vechten ruled that the
power of the commissioners did not end with any particular member’s end.
It would be another four years before construction on
the canal would begin. The canal was not finished until 1825.
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| low bridge |
